The European citizenship: A transnational challenge
Essay - 5 pages - European union
A citizen is “by definition a citizen among citizens of a country among countries. His rights and duties must be defined and limited, not only by those of his fellow citizens, but also by the boundaries of a territory [...]”. Hannah Arendt asserted thus, in 1968, that the concept of...
Does the EU need a European Identity? Why? Why not? Use concrete examples to support your line of argument
Essay - 5 pages - European union
In a European Union under construction, speaking about European Identity is essential. If it exists, it should be the expression of a dynamic link between Europeans. This identity is or would therefore be the creator of art and culture, a common political ethic,...
The European union and the third world: The case of the EU-ASEAN relations
Essay - 7 pages - European union
The European Union is a growing and developing organization which is becoming more and more important. That's why its relations with other countries in a more and more globalized world are also moving. The EU relations with the developing world are as old as its creation but they have...
The European Union and the democratic deficit
Essay - 13 pages - European union
The Convention of the the European Council of Laeken in 2001, was put in charge of drafting a new treaty for Europe. The main objective of this draft Treaty was to clearly define: “how to bring citizens closer to the European aim, and to European Institutions, by...
What does the European Union's so-called 'democratic deficit' stem from, and how could it be tackled?
Essay - 6 pages - European union
One of the most important discussions in the modern-day European Union concerns the democratic deficit. The Maastricht treaty, which was signed on February 1992 by different European states, claims that the goal the EU is to create ‘an ever closer union among the peoples of...
The budgetary implication of the European Union's May 2004 enlargement
Essay - 5 pages - European union
On 1 May 2004 Europe celebrates the entrance of ten new members in the European Union but behind the fireworks and the celebrations, Brussels has to adapt itself to this new generation of the European project. One of the most important points is the budgetary issue. History has...
Critically evaluate the impact upon EC jurisprudence and legislation of the judgement of the European Court of Justice in REWE Zentral AG Bundesmonopolverwaltung fur Branntwein "Cassis de Dijon"
Essay - 7 pages - European law
Article 28 (ex-30) of the EC Treaty is one of the major principles governing the achievement in establishing the common market. It lays out a strong principle that imposes quantitative restrictions on imports and that all measures having equivalent effect will be prohibited between member states....
Can the European parliament ever break out of the cycle of failing public interests and legitimacy?
Thesis - 5 pages - European union
In one of his speeches, Pat Cox, the President of the European Parliament said ‘Turnout across Europe [in 1999] was higher than in the last US Presidential Elections, and I do not hear people questioning the legitimacy of the presidency of the United States.'. Since 1979, indeed, the...
The application of the European Arrest Warrant in the United Kingdom and its use in the fight against terrorism.
Essay - 6 pages - European law
The European Arrest Warrant (EAW) is a judicial decision issued by a Member State with a view to the arrest and surrender by another Member State of a requested person, for the purposes of conducting a criminal prosecution or executing a custodial sentence or detention order.' The EAW...
The European Union and national sovereignty
Essay - 3 pages - European union
The birth of the modern sovereign state is usually associated with the 1648 Treaty of Westphalia, after which modern nation-states began to constitute in Europe. Today, some scholars argue that state sovereignty has been challenged by trends such as globalization and European integration...
Why has the European Court of Justice been so central to the process of integration?
Thesis - 10 pages - European union
“Law is often still treated as if it were a separate field, clearly distinct from the economic or political spheres” . As the European Court of Justice (ECJ) has never been given a lot of media coverage, most of the time, its role in the integration process is either disregarded...
Europeanization of politics and society: Domestic change and the question of a European Social Model
Essay - 5 pages - European union
Europeanization is an elusive concept because of the variety of meanings it refers to. Scholars such as Featherstone (2003, 6-12) often distinguish several usages according to various outcomes of European change, for instance the emergence of new forms of governance or the process of...
A critical examination of European Union's economic policy
Thesis - 12 pages - European union
The EU's trading policy towards the rest of the world is called the Common Commercial Policy and is established under Articles 100-116 of the Treaty of Rome (Title IX Articles 131-134 of the Consolidated Treaty). “By establishing a customs union between themselves Member States aim to...
The impact of European Union Law on the world of sport in the context of sport regulation and restraint of trade since the Bosman decision.
Essay - 7 pages - International law
Under European Union law, Article 81 of the EC Treaty provides that all agreements between undertakings, decisions of undertakings and concerted practices which may affect trade between Member States and which have as their objective or effect the prevention, restriction or distortion of...
English test - Translation and Essay writing: How did the Canadian government respond to the report on the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples?
Tutorials/exercises - 2 pages - Political science
This document is a corrected English test made of a translation exercise, a fully written essay, and a rough draft of a second essay. How did the Canadian government respond to the report on the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples? Is Australia's origin as a convict colony important?
The impact of European Union Law on the world of sport and the Bosman decision
Essay - 7 pages - International law
Under European Union law, Article 81 of the EC Treaty provides that all agreements between undertakings, decisions of undertakings and concerted practices which may affect trade between Member States and which have as their objective or effect the prevention, restriction or distortion of...
The future of the state in a global context: Is the European Union a super state?
Thesis - 12 pages - European union
The organization of the world has been changing for the past few decades. Besides the nation sates, a lot of different forms of organization have been coming up. The development of international relations has brought about the need for organizations which enable cooperation between the national...
The foreign policy tools of the European Union and the various institutions that they are connected to
Thesis - 4 pages - European law
The European Union is present on the international scene through 3 main policies areas: trade, development and security. Each domain depends on different institutions, holds different power and uses different tools. Decisions-making procedures are varied. Nonetheless, these three domains...
Is the European Union's Charter of Fundamental Rights a necessary and desirable development?
Thesis - 7 pages - Constitutional law
The Treaty of Lisbon came into force in 2009 and alongside it, a reference to the Charter of Fundamental Rights (Charter) gave it legal standing. The Charter became one of the most defining documents the European Union has ever witnessed, or a mere piece of symbolic literature that is...
European Court of Justice - motor for European integration?
Essay - 3 pages - European union
In 1996, British Prime Minister John Major has bitterly noted that European Court of Justice (ECJ) should “have its wings clipped”, as already back in 1996 some member states, eager to protect their sovereignty, feared the growing influence of the court. Yet, 10 years later, the...
The 2004 European elections
Essay - 4 pages - Political science
On the 13th of June 2004, except in a few countries (Ireland, Latvia, Malta, Netherlands, Czech Republic and United Kingdom where it occurred one or two days before), more than 338 millions European citizens went to the polls to choose their representatives at the European...
"The national influence on the European integration"
Essay - 7 pages - International relations
EU is regulated by a supranational institutional system, which still takes into account the national sensitiveness. Nevertheless, there is not a traditional strong supranational authority. Indeed, there is neither army nor police, and the decision making process is mainly based on consensus; and...
European cultural identities: The agents of European consciousness and how successful have they been in engendering such consciousness
Thesis - 4 pages - European union
‘Being in Europe' and ‘Being a European' are two different things. It is fair to say that over the years a common space has been created in the economic, legal, and to a certain extent in political spheres. However, when we come to other realities (language, culture, religion,...
European Union and Federalism
Essay - 4 pages - European union
In 1948, federalists formulated a project of United States of Europe at a Congress in La Haye. But they were defeated by unionists who wanted mere intergovernmental cooperation between European states. Nowadays, this continues to be a recurrent debate: is the European Union (EU) a...
The Great Scramble: European Anxiety and the Division of Africa
Case study - 4 pages - Political science
In the high Victorian era, the Great Powers of Europe were suddenly struck with what initially seemed a inexplicable fever to divide among themselves an entire continent about which they knew remarkably little. Although some of the colonies subsequently formed became very profitable, the initial...
The European identity issue: what most determines the European "we feeling"?
Essay - 11 pages - European union
“You don't fall in love with a common market” (EU Commission President Jacques Delors in The European, 3 November 1994). Here emerges one of today's most challenging issues for the European Union: the prevalence of market integration has created a political vacuum...
Consistence between the English Criminal Justice and Article 6 of the European Convention of Human Rights
Essay - 9 pages - International law
The United Kingdom was one of the original parties to the European Convention of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (ECHR). States which contract into the ECHR are obliged to secure the enjoyment of Convention rights for their citizens. Sometimes positive actions may be required as...
The European Union: "Fortress Europe"
Essay - 6 pages - European union
Article 14 of the UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights states that “Everyone has the right to seek and enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution”. Europe has always attracted migrants and asylum seekers because it benefits from a reputation of high standards of living and as...
How convincing is the argument that the twin process of European integration and globalisation has contributed to a large extent to the rise of regionalist parties?
Essay - 12 pages - European union
In this document we will first understand the concept of regionalist parties. Then, we will critically examine the elements that contribute the correlation between the rise of those parties and the constitution of supranational entities in a globalized economy. We will observe the reasons why...
The evolution of the European Community / Union over the last 50 years
Thesis - 5 pages - European union
Fifty years after the Treaties of Rome (1957), the European Union has deeply evolved. From a regional economic cooperation, it has become a major international actor looking for re-launching its Constitutional process. If the European cooperation was a revolutionary concept after...
