The French army
Thesis - 6 pages - Political science
'The army' is the term used to denote all the resources in manpower and equipment that a community implements either to deter, or to repel the attacks of another community, or to attack. It is a hierarchical group of men, recruited directly or indirectly by a State or an organization,...
Law of war crimes: command responsibility and the Yamashita precedent
Essay - 5 pages - Criminal law
In an interesting article from the Legal Times untitled ‘From the top on down'1, two American military judges, namely J.D. Hutson and J. Cullen, lay emphasis on the need to hold Secretary of Defence D. Rumsfeld accountable for abuses on his watch mostly directed at Afghans and Iraqis....
The French policy in sub-Saharan Africa since 1960
Essay - 10 pages - Political science
The French policy in Africa is frequently deemed neo-colonialist. France would enduringly attempt to keep its former colonies within its sphere of influence for economic and political reasons. Cases in point are the lyrics of the song “Françafrique” by the Ivorian descent artist Tiken...
The ideological clash of Athens and Sparta
Essay - 7 pages - Ancient history
At the forefront of Western Civilization stood Ancient Greece and her two most prized City-States, Athens and Sparta. Although the two developed relatively alongside each other, many cultural and ideological differences arose as time spanned itself. While Athens flourished with art,...
Is NATO still relevant ?
Essay - 7 pages - International relations
General De Gaulle once said that all alliances are like roses: they wither and decay. NATO might be a counter-example or it might not. While during the Munich Conference, the US Deputy Secretary of Defense, Paul Wolfowitz, claimed “As an alliance we have never been stronger. We have never...
The general oil market and the American oil policy
Thesis - 14 pages - International relations
Since the Industrial Revolution, energy is an international concern: one fifth of international trade of goods is the supply in energy of the companies. At the beginning of the century, oil became the most important energy source. Today, oil represents the most important share of the energy...
Was the Battle of Gettysburg the most important battle of the Civil War and was it the turning point in the war?
Tutorials/exercises - 7 pages - Educational studies
The battle of Gettysburg is one of the best known combat actions in US history. The battle, which only lasted three days (1st - 3rd July, 1863), saw the fierce confrontation between the Unionist soldiers of Major General George G. Meade versus the Confederate army of General Robert E. Lee. The...
Clausewitzian theory, application and its relevance in a modern context of warfare
Thesis - 3 pages - Social sciences
Carl von Clausewitz was an active theorist, writing extensively on the history and philosophy of military warfare. His most famous and widely read book, On War (Vom Kriege,) was published after his death in 1832. It was written in response to, and impacted by, the Napoleonic Wars, which...
Robert Kagan, "Of Paradise and Power, America and Europe in the New World Order"
Book review - 5 pages - Political science
Robert Kagan's Of Paradise and Power was published in January 2003. The book is in fact an extension of the author's article “Power and Weakness” which appeared in the Policy Review in June 2002. In his book, Kagan presents a very interesting point of view. He shows that, whether...
The Tet Offensive of 1968
Essay - 7 pages - Modern history
In the early hours of January 31 1968, nineteen specially trained Vietcong soldiers leapt from a taxi cab and a truck to attack the American Embassy in Saigon. At the same time all across South Vietnam, urban centers, providence capitals, and military installations were all coming under...
Political violence in flux: Changes in today's world
Essay - 10 pages - Social sciences
Terrorism has fundamentally changed the nature of international relations as a whole. With the emergence of small, non government organizations (or NGOs) that have the capability to inflict massive amounts of damage to life and property, states as a whole now face a strong challenge to their...
(Re)Constructing Afghanistan: After the Bonn agreement
Essay - 17 pages - International relations
The 5th of December 2001, the Bonn agreement was the first text attempting to build a basis for a new start of the Afghan nation after the American invasion. It was set by international actors as different as the UN, who supervised the conference, the US, the EU, Saudi Arabia and the World Bank....
Taking back space: Preventing and reducing the proliferation of space weapons
Essay - 10 pages - Ecology & environment
Weapons proliferation in outer space is not a thing of the future or something of science fiction. It is real and it is happening right now. The advancement of weapons technology continues to grow exponentially as does mankind's exploration of space. Controlling weapons technology in outer space...
Wireless communication: Global positioning system
Thesis - 7 pages - Electronics
GPS technology is one of the significant inventions of the twentieth century. GPS has become a popular device in western countries but has not yet reached the household of the common man in India. With globalization, GPS and its related technology have been unable to penetrate the heart of Indian...
China's rise to power
Thesis - 5 pages - Social sciences
Most outside analysts believe that China is experiencing the most secure and “threat-free” period in its post-1949 history. But, China's military leaders appear to perceive the international environment as dangerous and threatening. Since the end of World War II, China has had an...
Use of force
Essay - 4 pages - Political science
Today's international political climate is volatile and dangerous. The United Nations can ease this tension through its sphere of influence on the world. The United Nations has the capability of pulling military forces from member states in order to prevent and deter conflicts that...
CFSP (Common Foreign and Security Policy) and Non Proliferation
Essay - 12 pages - European union
Since the end of the Cold War, the nature and origins of threats on Europe have changed. This evolution of repartition of powers in the world led some countries to develop their defence and military capabilities, whether it concerns missiles, biological or chemical weapons, or the ultimate...
The UN and France in the Ivorian crisis
Thesis - 20 pages - International relations
The “oldest daughter” of France did sink in the chaos following the events which have occurred in the night from September 18 to September 19, 2002 simultaneously in Bouake and Abidjan. We need to understand such a complex conflict where there is not enough retreat to seize all the...
Differences and similarities among the contemporary security policies in Nordic countries
Essay - 9 pages - Political science
“Since 1720, all the Nordic countries have remained minor powers on the international stage. As such, the Nordic states have had to adapt to the constraints that are usually beyond their control.” This statement could summarize the geopolitical situation which has shaped the security...
Middle Eastern Studies
Case study - 2 pages - Educational studies
The last century, particularly after World War 2, has witnessed high levels of conflict and warfare within the Middle East(Richards and Waterbury 345). The most predominant and extended conflict is that of the Arab-Israeli conflict which has born five major wars and is still at play even unto...
The role of NATO in Afghanistan
Essay - 11 pages - International relations
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) has been in Afghanistan since August 2003 to command the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF), which was created on December 20, 2001, by Security Council Resolution 1386 of the United Nations, in accordance with the Bonn Agreement. ISAF has...
The Iraq war: an International Relations Theory Analysis
Case study - 16 pages - Political science
On the nineteenth of March 2003 America and its allies started their invasion of Iraq. This intervention had the official goal of the struggle against a terrorism-friendly country, to avoid the expansion of mass destruction weapons and establish a democratic breakthrough in the Middle East. This...
Implications of the war in Iraq
Essay - 14 pages - International relations
The war in Iraq, called the third Gulf war follows the conflict between Iraq and Kuwait which lasted from August 1990 to February 1991. It is difficult to date the beginning, because the United States and the United Kingdom had begun to bomb Iraq in 1992, bringing with them by force of "no-fly...
Explain the chief causes of the conflict in Chechnya
Essay - 5 pages - Political science
The conflict in Chechnya constitutes one of the most burning issues of the post Cold War Russian federation politics. Actually, the two wars, that took place under Yeltsine's and Putin's presidencies, from 1994 to 1996 and from 1999 to 2001, and even to nowadays, have been the most important...
The Meiji era: The opening of Japan to the West
Essay - 8 pages - Economy general
In the Westerners' mind Japan remains a country which sometimes presents an extreme modernism (with the painful consequences which one knows nowadays). On the other hand, Japan tries to preserve the old traditions which make imaginations wander and return us to the novels of Pierre Loti. This...
Soviet and Chinese influence in the Vietnam conflict
Thesis - 4 pages - International relations
The American invasion of Vietnam on March 8 1965 and the developments occurring in its aftermath wielded a serious impact on global geopolitical events in an era of ideological bi-polarity. Indeed, the war waged in Indochina throughout the 1960's captured the planets attention as it became...
The American revolution: Case study in detail
Thesis - 17 pages - Modern history
In 1763, the Treaty of Versailles ended the Seven Years War between France and Spain against Great Britain. The victory of the latter (gain of French, Canada, of all the territories east of the Mississippi except New Orleans, and with Spanish, Florida) was certainly a matter of immense pride in...
Nationalist Yearnings and the Modernization of China and Japan: The Importance of Economic Changes in Society to Revolution and Imperialism
Essay - 4 pages - Economy general
Western nations like Portugal or England did not simply encroach upon China's territory in the name of some abstract imperialist ideal. They had strong economic interest in the area, especially in keeping the tea trade alive. When diplomacy failed to win over the Chinese, military force...
The classical realist and structural realist theories applied to the Kosovo crisis in 1998-1999
Essay - 6 pages - Modern history
Kosovo is mostly known as a region in the former Yugoslavia where, in 1998 and 1999, there was growing violence between the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA), which sought independence from Serbia, and the Serbian army and police, which were randomly attacking the province of the indigenous Albanian...
John Marshall and Mercy Otis Warren
Thesis - 12 pages - Literature
Though John Marshall and Mercy Otis Warren shared little ideological ground when it came to politics, they did come together in their respective revolutionary histories to condemn the treason of Benedict Arnold. During the war, the treason stirred up a good deal of emotionalism; the United...
